-
Review Article
Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Calpurnia Aurea, Review
Gebretsadik Tebabal*
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, March 2026
Pages:
1-10
Received:
29 November 2025
Accepted:
19 December 2025
Published:
24 February 2026
Abstract: Calpurnia aurea plant belongs to in the fabaceae family and in the general of Calpurnia is a widely consumed medicinal plant in east Africa such as Ethiopia and Eritrea. It used to treat diseases like amoebiasis, giardiasis, dysentery, syphilis, malaria, exoparasite, diarrhea and snake bite. Many scientific papers available about it’s phytochemical and pharmacological activities. This review was focused on the Ethnobotay, phytochemistry and the biological activities of Calpurnia aurea plant using different scientific articles, books and reports available online in academic searching sites such as Google scholar, PubMed, Scoups, ProQuest and Web of science. Based on the review all parts of the plant reported to have secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, terpenoids , alkaloids, glycosides, tannins and steroids and, biological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, antimalarial, anti-diarrheal, antiextoparasite and insecticidal activities. Bioactive chemical compounds also reported from stem, leaves, bark and seeds of Calpurnia aurea plant in different classes such as alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and terpenoids. Based on the information gathered from the chemical constituent and pharmacological properties of the plant part Calpurnia aurea is confirmed the traditional medicinal use but further work is required related to isolation of more bioactive compounds and to investigate biological activities in advanced techniques including Insilco methods to contribute for modern drug discovery.
Abstract: Calpurnia aurea plant belongs to in the fabaceae family and in the general of Calpurnia is a widely consumed medicinal plant in east Africa such as Ethiopia and Eritrea. It used to treat diseases like amoebiasis, giardiasis, dysentery, syphilis, malaria, exoparasite, diarrhea and snake bite. Many scientific papers available about it’s phytochemical...
Show More
-
Research Article
Talinum fruticosum (L.) Juss. (Talinaceae), an Edible and Medicinal Plant, Enhances the Activity of Antibiotics Against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, March 2026
Pages:
11-19
Received:
12 January 2026
Accepted:
2 February 2026
Published:
25 February 2026
Abstract: The rapid acquisition of multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes by bacteria creates life-threatening complications in infection control. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate the antibacterial activity of the methanol extract of Talinum fruticosum leaves and its interaction effects with antibiotics against MDR Gram-negative bacteria. The broth microdilution method was used to evaluate the antibacterial activity and antibiotic-resistance modulation effects of the extract. The interaction between antibiotics and T. fruticosum leaf extract (TFLE) was conducted using the checkerboard assay. Phytochemical screening was assessed using standardized qualitative tests. TFLE displayed low antibacterial activity, with MICs ranging from 512 to 2048 µg/mL against the tested bacteria. Interestingly, TFLE at its subinhibitory concentration (MIC/8) enhanced the efficacy of antibiotics by 2-to 64-fold, particularly tetracycline, doxycycline, imipenem, kanamycin, and ciprofloxacin, against at least one of the examined MDR bacteria. In addition, TFLE displayed a synergistic effect (ƩFIC < 0.5) with kanamycin and doxycycline against K. pneumoniae K2 and E. aerogenes EA298. The phytochemical screening indicated that TFLE contained flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, phenols, and anthocyanins. Overall, this study shows that T. fruticosum leaf extract could be used in combination with commonly used antibiotics to fight infections involving MDR bacteria. Therefore, further studies are needed to identify in this plant a likely nontoxic antibiotic modulator.
Abstract: The rapid acquisition of multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes by bacteria creates life-threatening complications in infection control. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate the antibacterial activity of the methanol extract of Talinum fruticosum leaves and its interaction effects with antibiotics against MDR Gram-negative bacteria. The broth ...
Show More
-
Review Article
A Review of Uganda’s Medicinal Tree Species as Sources of Potential Therapeutic Compounds for Disease Management
Thomas James Wanyama*
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, March 2026
Pages:
20-56
Received:
29 January 2026
Accepted:
10 February 2026
Published:
4 March 2026
Abstract: Ethnomedicinal relevance: Medicinal plants are a source of many potent drugs since they possess diverse phytochemical compounds. Studies on different plant life forms are voluminous, except trees. No single study has been done on tree species used to manage diseases in different regions of Uganda from 1995 up to 2023. Aim of the study: This review aimed to compile tree species used to manage different diseases and disease symptoms in various areas in Uganda. Materials and methods: The review examined 20 studies with ethnobotanical surveys done in Uganda. Data extraction focused on plant families and species, plant parts used, preparation methods and routes of administration, and the region in Uganda where the ethnobotanical field surveys were conducted. Results: 151 tree species from 52 families were identified. Leaves (34.7%) were highly depended on followed by bark (32.0%) and roots (19.7%) were also commonly used. The majority of the herbal remedies were prepared by decoction and taken orally. In regard to disease management using medicinal tree species, the diseases that were prevalent and posing public health concerns were malaria, diarrhea, breast cancer, syphilis, HIV/ AIDs, ulcers, tuberculosis, and skin infections. Conclusion: Many tree species in Uganda are used to manage several ailments. However, other tree species with medicinal importance remain undocumented and yet some of them are being destroyed by anthropogenic activities. Efforts to ensure sustainable harvesting of these medicinal tree species are thus required.
Abstract: Ethnomedicinal relevance: Medicinal plants are a source of many potent drugs since they possess diverse phytochemical compounds. Studies on different plant life forms are voluminous, except trees. No single study has been done on tree species used to manage diseases in different regions of Uganda from 1995 up to 2023. Aim of the study: This review ...
Show More
-
Research Article
Antibacterial Activity of Allium Sativum, Zingiber Officinale and Their Synergistic Effect Against Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli Isolated from Milk Samples of a Dairy Farm in Jimma Town Southwestern Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, March 2026
Pages:
57-69
Received:
24 December 2025
Accepted:
12 January 2026
Published:
12 March 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.jdmp.20261201.14
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The development of antibiotic resistance has recently increased research attention in exploring novel antimicrobial agents sourced from medicinal plants. In Ethiopia, Allium sativum (garlic) and Zingiber officinale (ginger) are the most valued medicinal plants. This study investigates the antibacterial properties of extracts obtained from the bulbs and roots of Allium Sativum, Zingiber Officinale and their synergistic effects against Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli strains isolated from milk samples. A 50g powdered bulbs of A. sativum and roots of Z. officinale were separately macerated with 500 mL of distilled water and 95% ethanol in sterilized flasks. The antibacterial effects of crude aqueous and hydro-ethanol extracts of the both plants and their synergistic effects with 95% ethanol extracts were assessed using disc diffusion method, with concentrations of 50, 75 and 100 mg/mL for susceptibility testing. The 95% ethanol extracts of both plants had lowest yield percentage as compared to aqueous extracts. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis, with a significance level of P <0.05. Both 95% ethanol as well as distilled water extracts and their synergistic effects with 95% ethanol extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against S. Aureus and E. Coli using ciprofloxacin discs as positive and blank discs as a negative control. Among the extracts, the lowest susceptibility was observed for aqueous extracts with inhibition zone of Z. officinale at 50 mg/mL against both bacteria, while E. coli showed a notable susceptibility to Z. officinale at 100 mg/mL. The 95% ethanol extract of A. sativum and its combination showed smaller inhibition zone against both bacteria at 50 mg/mL while, larger inhibition zone was seen with A. sativum against E. coli (27.67±0.58 mm) but Z. officinale showed larger inhibitory zone against S. aureus (19.33±1.15 mm) at concentration of 100 mg/mL compared to water extract. In both aqueous and 95% ethanol extracts, there was statistically a significant difference (P≤0.000) in the susceptibility of all tested bacteria. This study indicate that the extracts obtained from of the bulbs of A. sativum and the roots of Z. officinale have promising antibacterial properties, validating their traditional medicinal use for treating infections.
Abstract: The development of antibiotic resistance has recently increased research attention in exploring novel antimicrobial agents sourced from medicinal plants. In Ethiopia, Allium sativum (garlic) and Zingiber officinale (ginger) are the most valued medicinal plants. This study investigates the antibacterial properties of extracts obtained from the bulbs...
Show More
