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Growth and Accumulation of Five Main Bioactive Components in the Roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza at Different Growth Stages and Using Different Culture Systems
Lilan Lu,
Shilong Fu,
Jian Feng,
Jianhe Wei
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2018
Pages:
59-68
Received:
23 April 2018
Accepted:
21 May 2018
Published:
8 June 2018
Abstract: To Growth and accumulation of five main bioactive components in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza at different growth stages and using different culture systems. We analyzed growth parameters and the accumulation of selected bioactive components in Salvia miltiorrhiza that was grown in quartz sand-pot (hydroponic culture), soil-pot, and field culture systems at 3 growth stages (flower, root swelling, and mature). The highest bioactive compound concentrations (danshensu (DSS), 0.618 mg·g-1; salvianolic acid B (SAB), 52.5 mg·g-1; cryptotanshinone (CTS), 0.617 mg·g-1; tanshinoneⅡA (TSⅡA), 1.11 mg·g-1; and total tanshinone (TTS), 2.5 mg·g-1, at the mature stage) were present in the roots of plants grown in the hydroponic culture system. These concentrations were significantly higher than those of plants grown in the field system. The highest values for root parameters ( longest root length (LRL), 46.72 cm; largest root diameter (LRD), 14.68 mm; and the number of roots per plant (RN), 9.56), plant biomass (shoot dry weight (SDW), 18.9 g·plant-1; root dry weight (RDW), 19.6 g·plant-1, at the mature stage), and yield (DSS, 8.36 mg·plant-1; SAB, 657 mg·plant-1; CTS, 7.95 mg·plant-1; TSⅡA, 15.2 mg·plant-1; and TTS, 30.7 mg·plant-1, at the mature stage) were obtained from plants grown in the field system. Plants grown in the field culture system had significantly greater plant biomass and higher yields of bioactive compounds than plants grown in the quartz sand-pot (hydroponic culture) and soil-pot systems. Greenhouse hydroponic culture provides sufficient bioactive compound accumulation in the roots, but does not stimulate plant growth and root production. Therefore, the field system could greatly improve plant growth and root production in S. miltiorrhiza.
Abstract: To Growth and accumulation of five main bioactive components in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza at different growth stages and using different culture systems. We analyzed growth parameters and the accumulation of selected bioactive components in Salvia miltiorrhiza that was grown in quartz sand-pot (hydroponic culture), soil-pot, and field cultur...
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Screening of Rice Accessions Resistant to Blast in Benin
Akankè Iliyath Bello,
Abalo Itolou Kassankogno,
Hafiz Adéwalé Salami,
Habib Ramanou,
Moussa Sié,
Adolphe Adjanohoun,
Clément Agbangla
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2018
Pages:
69-79
Received:
12 May 2018
Accepted:
30 May 2018
Published:
9 July 2018
Abstract: The objective of this screening is to identify genotypes with effective resistance genes against leaf blast. Two hundred rice accessions were collected in Benin's production areas and screened in upland ecology at Sowe (Glazoue, Benin). The experimental device used is an Alpha lattice 20 x 10 with 3 repetitions. The hierarchical ascending classification (HAC) allowed obtaining three large groups of accessions according to their behavior in relation to the populations of Magnaporthe oryzae present on the site: the C1 group composed of resistant genotypes (R), the group C2 composed of genotypes moderately sensitive (MS) and finally the group C3 that consists of sensitive genotypes (S). A highly significant difference was observed between genotypes based on recorded severity scores (five rating stages of disease and the AUDPC or Area Under the Disease Progress Curve). In general, the difference between the phenotypic variable (VP) and the genotypic variable (Vg) is relatively weak for all characters. All the traits studied had recorded high genotypic variation coefficients (GVC) and phenotypic variation coefficients (PVC) (> 20), with the exception of the first level of disease severity (Pyri1), thus justifying the high variability between genotypes with respect to resistance to disease. Heritability rate (H2%) coupled with high values of expected genetic gain compared to the mean (EGGM), indicated a low environmental influence in disease expression and a prevalence of the effect of additive genes in genetic determinism. The experiment has identified a pool of varieties with good behavior against blast disease that can be used as genetic control material in research and breeding programs in Benin.
Abstract: The objective of this screening is to identify genotypes with effective resistance genes against leaf blast. Two hundred rice accessions were collected in Benin's production areas and screened in upland ecology at Sowe (Glazoue, Benin). The experimental device used is an Alpha lattice 20 x 10 with 3 repetitions. The hierarchical ascending classific...
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Availability Evaluation of Twelve Antimalarial Medicinal Plants from Western Regions of Burkina Faso
Moussa Compaoré,
Roland Nâg-Tiero Meda,
Patrice Zerbo,
Issa Karama,
Orokia Traoré,
Aline Lamien-Meda,
Martin Kiendrebeogo,
Johannes Novak
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2018
Pages:
80-88
Received:
6 August 2018
Accepted:
17 August 2018
Published:
17 September 2018
Abstract: Major research contributions in ethnopharmacology have generated vast amount of data associated with medicinal plants in Burkina Faso. Despite the relatively abundant literature on local medicinal plants supported by an institutional environment in favor of promoting traditional medicine, any national pharmacopoeia document or monographs on antimalarial medicinal plants aren't currently available. The aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and perception of traditional healers on the effectiveness and availability of 12 antimalarial plants from Burkina Faso. The survey was carried out on 12 antimalarial plants from western region during January-March 2013. The informants were 100 traditional healers and herbalist from the Western region, which gathered in association affiliated to General Directorate of Pharmacy, Medicines and Laboratories. A semi-structured and open questionnaire and herbarium were used for plant identification. The data showed that Securidaca longepedunculata (66%) and Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (64%) was the lowest available followed by Pavetta crassipes (57%), Argemone mexicana (48%) and Cochlospermum planchonii (44%). The root uses of C. planchonii (51%), S. longepedunculata (24%) and Z. zanthoxyloides (11%) were probably their threat. S. longepedunculata, Z. zanthoxyloides and P. crassipes are really in endangered due to their large medicinal uses particularly in malaria treatment. It need a new policy management and integrated breeding for these plants.
Abstract: Major research contributions in ethnopharmacology have generated vast amount of data associated with medicinal plants in Burkina Faso. Despite the relatively abundant literature on local medicinal plants supported by an institutional environment in favor of promoting traditional medicine, any national pharmacopoeia document or monographs on antimal...
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Proximate, Phytochemical and Antibacterial Analysis of Persea americana Obtained from Nigeria
Umeaku Chinyelu Nkiru,
Chris-Umeaku Chiamaka Ijeoma,
Emmy-egbe Ifeyinwa Orsla,
Ukoha Chinwe Clarice,
Uzor Ugonwa Chiagoziem,
Agbo Uchenna Juliet
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2018
Pages:
89-95
Received:
9 June 2018
Accepted:
30 July 2018
Published:
19 September 2018
Abstract: The proximate analysis and antimicrobial activities of Persea Americana seed (Avocado pear) against pathogenic Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was carried out to ascertain the unique properties that makes it confer antibacterial effect. This research work was carried out in the Microbiology Project Laboratory of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli. The organisms used were obtained from urine samples of students and characterized using microbiological and biochemical tests. The phytochemical and proximate analysis of the seed extract of the plant was determined quantitatively using chemical and spectrophotometric methods. The inhibitory activity test was carried out using agar well diffusion method also tube dilution technique using double-fold serial dilution method was employed for assaying the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) at various concentrations (31.25, 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 mg/ml). The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, cyanogenic glycosides and steroids. The proximate content revealed that the seed contained more of moisture than fat and fibre. The ethanolic extract of Persea americana seed showed a pronounced activity (11.00 mm and 9.40 mm) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of the aqueous extract (5.90 mm) which showed for only Escherichia coli. This activity differed significantly (P>0.05) from that of Ciprofloxacin (22.10 mm and 16.40 mm). The results of MIC for the ethanolic extract against E. coli and S. aureus were 500 mg/ml and 250 mg/ml respectively, while the MBC result was pronounced for only E. coli at 500 mg/ml. The spectra of antimicrobial activities displayed by the extracts could be attributed to the presence of these phytochemicals and signifies the potential of Persea americana as a source of therapeutic agent.
Abstract: The proximate analysis and antimicrobial activities of Persea Americana seed (Avocado pear) against pathogenic Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was carried out to ascertain the unique properties that makes it confer antibacterial effect. This research work was carried out in the Microbiology Project Laboratory of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojuk...
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